Incognati Field Guide
Institutional Communications Specimen No. 6 — 'Study Shows' — Association as Causation
Observational studies show association, not causation; press releases and headlines routinely upgrade 'linked to' into 'causes,' a leading form of exaggeration documented in the BMJ research.
This guide has its own printable, letter-page design — shown here as-is. Use "Open full-screen" for the best reading and printing experience.